parsimonious – excessively unwilling to spend; “parsimonious thrift relieved by few generous impulses”; “lived in a most penurious manner–denying himself every indulgence”
1. To win over by coaxing, flattery, or artful talk. See Synonyms at lure.
2. To obtain by cajolery: inveigled a free pass to the museum.
[Middle English envegle, alteration of Old French aveugler, to blind, from aveugle, blind, from Vulgar Latin *aboculus : Latin ab-, away from; see ab-1 + Latin oculus, eye (probably loan-translation of Gaulish exsops : exs-, from + ops, eye); see okw- in Indo-European roots.]
persuade – cause somebody to adopt a certain position, belief, or course of action; twist somebody’s arm; “You can’t persuade me to buy this ugly vase!”
b. Of a healthy reddish color; ruddy: a sanguine complexion.
2. Archaic
a. Having blood as the dominant humor in terms of medieval physiology.
b. Having the temperament and ruddy complexion formerly thought to be characteristic of a person dominated by this humor; passionate.
3. Cheerfully confident; optimistic.
[Middle English, from Old French sanguin, from Latin sanguineus, from sanguis, sanguin-, blood.]
sanguine·ly adv.
sanguine·ness, san·guini·ty n.
Word History: The similarity in form between sanguine, “cheerfully optimistic,” and sanguinary, “bloodthirsty,” may prompt one to wonder how they have come to have such different meanings. The explanation lies in medieval physiology with its notion of the four humors or bodily fluids (blood, bile, phlegm, and black bile). The relative proportions of these fluids was thought to determine a person’s temperament. If blood was the predominant humor, one had a ruddy face and a disposition marked by courage, hope, and a readiness to fall in love. Such a temperament was called sanguine, the Middle English ancestor of our word sanguine. The source of the Middle English word was Old French sanguin, itself from Latin sanguineus. Both the Old French and Latin words meant “bloody,” “blood-colored,” Old French sanguin having the sense “sanguine in temperament” as well. Latin sanguineus was in turn derived from sanguis, “blood,” just as English sanguinary is. The English adjective sanguine, first recorded in Middle English before 1350, continues to refer to the cheerfulness and optimism that accompanied a sanguine temperament but no longer has any direct reference to medieval physiology.
red, redness – red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood
Adj.
1.
sanguine – confidently optimistic and cheerful
optimistic – expecting the best in this best of all possible worlds; “in an optimistic mood”; “optimistic plans”; “took an optimistic view”
2.
sanguine – inclined to a healthy reddish color often associated with outdoor life; “a ruddy complexion”; “Santa’s rubicund cheeks”; “a fresh and sanguine complexion”
These adjectives mean spoken, performed, done, or composed with little or no preparation or forethought. Extemporaneous, extemporary, and extempore most often apply to discourse that is delivered without the assistance of a written text, though it may have been planned in advance: an extemporaneous address; an extemporary lecture; an extempore skit.
Impromptu even more strongly suggests happening on the spur of the moment: an impromptu dinner.
Offhand implies not only spontaneity but also a casual or even cavalier manner: an offhand remark.
What is unrehearsed is said or done without rehearsal or practice though not necessarily without forethought: a few unrehearsed comments.
Unpremeditated implies impulsiveness prompted by strong feeling: asked an unpremeditated question.
Something that is ad-lib is spontaneous and improvised and therefore not part of a prepared script or score: an ad-lib joke.
extemporaneous – with little or no preparation or forethought; “his ad-lib comments showed poor judgment”; “an extemporaneous piano recital”; “an extemporary lecture”; “an extempore skit”; “an impromptu speech”; “offhand excuses”; “trying to sound offhanded and reassuring”; “an off-the-cuff toast”; “a few unrehearsed comments”
unprepared – without preparation; not prepared for; “unprepared remarks”; “the shock was unprepared”; “our treaty makers approached their immensely difficult problems unprepared”- R.E.Danielson
1. To make soft by soaking or steeping in a liquid.
2. To separate into constituents by soaking.
3. To cause to become lean, usually by starvation; emaciate.
v.intr.
To become soft or separated into constituents by soaking: “His winemaker allowed the juice and skins of the white grapes to macerate together overnight before pressing”(Gerald Asher).
n.(-t)
A substance prepared or produced by macerating.
[Latin mcerre, mcert-; see mag- in Indo-European roots.]
macerate – soften, usually by steeping in liquid, and cause to disintegrate as a result; “macerate peaches”; “the gizzards macerates the food in the digestive system”
soften – make soft or softer; “This liquid will soften your laundry”
4.
macerate – cause to grow thin or weak; “The treatment emaciated him”
device – an instrumentality invented for a particular purpose; “the device is small enough to wear on your wrist”; “a device intended to conserve water”
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